英语表数量概念的词或短语作主语知识点

2023-09-22/ 洛宁新闻网/ 查看: 214/ 评论: 10

摘要英语表数量概念的词或短语作主语知识点表数量概念的词或短语作主语时，需要根据谓语动词的单复数形式来决定主语是单数还是复数，具体如下：“数词＋名词＋谓语动词”结构，如“oneapple，twoapples，threeboys，fourcars”等。其中，数词后面的名词是可数名词时，需要使用复数形式，谓语动词也需要使用复数形式；如果名词是不可数名词，则使用单数形式...

英语表数量概念的词或短语作主语知识点
表数量概念的词或短语作主语时，需要根据谓语动词的单复数形式来决定主语是单数还是复数，具体如下：
“数词＋名词＋谓语动词”结构，如“one apple，two apples，three boys，four cars”等。其中，数词后面的名词是可数名词时，需要使用复数形式，谓语动词也需要使用复数形式；如果名词是不可数名词，则使用单数形式。
“a lot of＋名词”结构，如“a lot of books，a lot of money”等。这种结构中的名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词，但是谓语动词都需要使用复数形式。
“a number of＋名词”结构，如“a number of cars，a number of students”等。这种结构中的名词也是可数名词和不可数名词都可以，但是谓语动词需要使用复数形式。
“分数＋名词”结构，如“one-third of the money，two-thirds of the cake”等。这种结构中的分数可以表示可数名词和不可数名词，但是谓语动词需要根据分数后面的名词来决定单复数形式。
需要注意的是，在英语中，主语和谓语动词的单复数形式必须保持一致。因此，表数量概念的词或短语作主语时，需要根据谓语动词的单复数形式来决定主语是单数还是复数。
1. 表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。
Ten years has passed quickly. 10年很快就过去了。
Ten dollars is enough. 10美元就够了。

100 kilometers is a long way. 100千米是一段很长的路。

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2. 加减乘除运算中的谓语动词用单数，其中加法与乘法也可用复数。
Two and two is/are four. 2加2等于4。
Six times one is/are six. 6乘以1等于6。
3. ＂many a/more than one+单数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
There is more than one answer. 有不止一个答案。
Many a student has passed the exam. 许多学生通过了考试。
4. ＂one and a half+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语用单数。
One and a half days is all I can spare. 一天半是我所能支配的全部时间。
One and a half pears is left on the plate. 一个半梨被留在盘子里。
5. the rest of... 短语作主语时，如果of后接复数名词，谓语用复数；如果of后接不可数名词，谓语用单数。
The rest of the bikes are on sale. 余下的自行车降价出售。
The rest of the bread is gone. 剩余的面包不见了。
6. ＂none of+复数名词＂作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。
None of the dogs was/were there. 那儿没有狗。
7. ＂a number of+名词复数＂表示＂许多/大量的……＂，其后的谓语动词用复数；＂the number of+名词复数＂表示＂……的数量＂，其中心词为number，故谓语动词用单数。
A number of farmers are standing over there. 许多农民站在那边。
The number of the students in this school has reached over 2，000. 这所学校的学生数量已达到2 000多人。
8. ＂a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词＂作主语，谓语动词由of后的名词来确定。如果of后是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数；如果of后是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。
A lot of time is needed. 需要大量的时间。
Plenty of workers are working. 许多工人在工作。
【典例】—What _____________ the number of the students in your school?
—About two thousand. A number of them _____________ from England.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
【答案】A
【解析】第一空处的主语为the number of the students，表示学生的数量，故用is；第二空处的主语为A number of them，表示他们们的许多人，故用are。

There are hundreds of funny and strange expressions in the English language. A lot of them include country names or nationalities, and many have historic beginnings. Take these examples.
The Dutch are the target of most English expressions about nationalities. Why are there so many jokes about the Dutch in English? And what do these expressions mean? In the 17th and early 18th centuries, there were three wars between the British and the Dutch, and Dutch became a bad word. So double Dutch means something that has no meaning or is impossible to understand. A Dutch uncle is someone who gives much stronger advice than they need to. There are later expressions, which are funnier and kinder, like to go Dutch, which is nowadays a popular expression. It means to pay for your part of a bill. This often happens when a group of friends have a meal together, and each person pays for the food they ate.
An expression with a similar meaning to double Dutch is it’s all Greek to me, which means I don’t understand. The expression was made famous in Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar although the expression is actually hundreds of years older.
If you take French leave, you leave somewhere without permission. For example, you could take French leave from a classroom or the place where you work. This expression is from the 18th century when French people left parties without saying goodbye to the host or hostess.
There are Chinese whispers, which means confused messages. This describes the fact that a message can often change as it is passed from person to person. This expression comes from the First World War when foreigners were often confused by the Chinese language. There is also the expression Chinese puzzles, meaning a puzzle or problem that cannot be solved.
Many people find English expressions confusing (令人迷惑的), but now that you have known about some of them, you can easily have fun finding out many more funny English expressions.
1. The author writes this passage mainly to __________.
A. share his or her experience in studying English expressions.
B. explain why expressions play an important part in British culture.
C. explain the origin and meaning of some interesting expressions in English.
D. show that many expressions in English come from Dutch, French and Chinese.
2. Why did Dutch become a bad word?
A. Because 3 wars were fought between the British and the Dutch.
B. Because the Dutch always gave others stronger advice than they need to.
C. Because the British people found the Dutch language very difficult to understand.
D. Because the Dutch were unfriendly people.
3. Which three expressions in the passage have similar meanings?
A. double Dutch, it’s all Greek to me and Chinese puzzles.
B. double Dutch, go Dutch and it’s all Greek to me.
C. double Dutch, Dutch uncle and go Dutch.
D. double Dutch, it’s all Greek to me and Chinese whispers.
4. From the passage we can infer that __________.
A. it’s all Greek to me was invented by Shakespeare
B. to take French leave is not a good thing
C. the strange expressions introduced in the passage above are not popular
D. the Chinese often make mistakes when passing messages
5. The underlined word “now that” is closest in meaning to ________.
A. until B. unless C. since D. before