until和since引导的时间状语从句

2023-04-16/ 洛宁新闻网/ 查看: 214/ 评论: 10

摘要until和since引导的时间状语从句until/till二者意义相同，until比till正式，句首只能用until.Iwillstayheruntil/tillhecomesback.我

until和since引导的时间状语从句
until/till
二者意义相同，until 比till正式，句首只能用until.
I will stay her until/till he comes back.
我会一直陪着她直到他回来。
肯定句且谓语动词为延续性动词时表示“直到...为止”；否定句且谓语动词为终止性动词时表示 “直到...才...”，常构成“not...until...=before...
He won’t go to bed until her father returns.
直到她父亲回来他才睡觉。
但not until放在句首时，主句应该半倒装（倒主不倒从）。
我不会离开直到他回来。
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since
prep “自从...以来” 主句（一般/现在完成时）+since+时间点
He has been here since 2000. 他从2000年起就在这里了。
adv “从那以后” since then/ever since 强调某一动作或状态的一直，它所修辞的主句谓语动词须为延续性动词。
John caught cold last night and he has been in bed ever since.
约翰昨晚感冒了，从那以后他就一直躺在床上。
conj 主句（一般/现在完成时）+since从句（vt-ed）
（1）主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，必须强调动作的多次。
Great changes have taken place since I left this city.（take place 为终止性动词，故译为“自从我离开这城市，发生了很多变化”）
（2）从句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，则从句的动作表示延续多长时间了，按正常语序翻译。
I have known you for a long time since he joined the Chinese society. 自从他加入中国社会以来，我认识你很久了。
（3）若从句谓语动词为延续性动词时，则从句的动作表示已结束多长时间了。
He has written to me frequently since he was ill.
自从病好以后，他经常给我写信。
（4）it is /was/has been+一段时间+since（vted）... “自从...有多长时间了”
It is/has been a few years since we met last time.
我们上次见面已经有几年了。

1. He is better than _______ I last visited him.
A. when B. that C. how D. Which
2. _______ the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.
A. So long as B. Even though C. Since D. While
3. ________ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.
A. While B. As C. Since D. Because
4. _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if
5. _______ rich one may be there is always something one wants.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However D. Wherever
6. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _______ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
1. A 【解析】than 后省略了 he was，假若补充完整，全句即为 He is better than he was when I last visited him。
2. B 【解析】比较四个选项：so long as(只要)，even though(即使)，since(自从，既然)，while(当……时候)，其中只有B的意思最合适，全句意为“即使处罚不公平，他毫无怨言地接受”。
3. A 【解析】while 在此不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“尽管”。
4. B 【解析】as far as 意为“尽，就，至于”，常用于 as far as I know(据我所知)，as far as one can see(在某人看来)，as far as one can(某人尽力)，as far as sth / sb is concerned(就某事 / 某人来说)等结构。
5. C 【解析】however 在此引导让步状语从句，意义上相当于 now matter how。
6. C 【解析】so that 引导目的状语从句，其意为“为了”。